A bus structure is a communication system that transfers data between components inside a computer or between computers). It is a collection of electrical pathways or conductors that carry data, addresses, and control signals between different hardware components. The bus structure in a computer plays an important role in connecting the internal components of the computer.

A bus structure typically consists of three functional groups of lines: data lines, address lines, and control lines. The data lines carry the actual data being transferred, the address lines carry the memory address while reading from or writing into memory, and the control lines carry control signals that coordinate the transfer of data between components.

There are different types of bus structures, including single bus structure and double bus structure. In a single bus structure, one common bus is used to communicate between peripherals and microprocessors, which has disadvantages due to the use of one common bus. In contrast, in a double bus structure, one bus is used to fetch instructions while the other is used to fetch data required for execution, which is to overcome the bottleneck of a single bus structure.

In summary, a bus structure is a communication system that transfers data between components inside a computer or between computers. It consists of electrical pathways or conductors that carry data, addresses, and control signals between different hardware components. The bus structure typically consists of three functional groups of lines: data lines, address lines, and control lines. There are different types of bus structures, including single bus structure and double bus structure.