Caste tension refers to the social conflict and discrimination that arises from the caste system, which is a social stratification system based on birth. The caste system is prevalent in South Asia and parts of Africa, and it is the basis for the definition and exclusion of distinct population groups by reason of their descent. Caste tension can manifest in various forms, including violence, economic retaliation, and social exclusion.

In India, the caste system is highly stratified, with elite groups of Hindus exploiting the vulnerability of marginalized communities for their own political ends. The caste system is a major source of human rights violations, and the Dalits, who are considered the lowest caste, are often subjected to discrimination and violence. They are forbidden by caste Hindus to enter places of worship, to draw water from public wells, or to wear shoes in caste Hindu presence. Any attempt to defy the social order is met with violence or economic retaliation.

Caste tension is not limited to South Asia, as caste discrimination also exists in the United States, where it is a form of discrimination based on the social hierarchy determined by a persons birth. The student body of California State University system passed a resolution against caste discrimination in 2021.

In summary, caste tension refers to the social conflict and discrimination that arises from the caste system, which is a social stratification system based on birth. It can manifest in various forms, including violence, economic retaliation, and social exclusion. The caste system is prevalent in South Asia and parts of Africa, and it is a major source of human rights violations.