The Confraternity of Christian Doctrine (CCD) is an association established in Rome in 1562 for the purpose of providing religious education. In modern usage, CCD refers to the catechesis or religious education program of the Catholic Church, normally designed for children. CCD is often called PSR (Parish School of Religion) or SRE (Special Religious Education) in some Catholic parishes. CCD classes are usually held once a week at a parish for children in public schools who are not enrolled in parochial (Catholic) schools. CCD classes are also intended for Catholic students in grades K-8 who attend non-Catholic schools. The CCD program helps nourish the growing faith of children with religious instruction for children in Kindergarten through Eighth grades. The program includes classes, First Communion, Confirmation Preparation classes, and other programs. CCD attendance is considered by the Holy See to be vital to childrens development as Catholics and an important complement to the limited liturgic participation they regularly experience while accompanying. Catechists are teachers of religious education classes, whether they be childrens catechism classes or adult. The requirements to be a CCD teacher (Catechist) include being a practicing Catholic, at least 18 years of age, and in good standing in the Catholic Church.