Chlamydia is a common sexually transmitted infection (STI) caused by the bacterium Chlamydia trachomatis.

It can infect both men and women and is primarily spread through vaginal, oral, or anal sex with an infected person. It can also be transmitted from an infected mother to her baby during childbirth.

Most people with chlamydia do not have symptoms, which means many may be unaware they are infected and can unknowingly pass it to others.

When symptoms do appear, they can include:

• In women: abnormal vaginal discharge, burning during urination, pain during sex, bleeding between periods, lower abdominal pain.

• In men: discharge from the penis, burning during urination, pain or swelling in the testicles (less common).

• Rectal infections (in both sexes) may cause rectal pain, discharge, or bleeding.

If left untreated, chlamydia can lead to serious health complications, especially in women, such as pelvic inflammatory disease, infertility, and ectopic pregnancy. It can also increase the risk of acquiring or transmitting HIV and cause adverse pregnancy outcomes like premature birth or low birth weight.

Chlamydia is easily treated and cured with antibiotics. Consistent and correct use of condoms is the most effective way to prevent infection.

In summary, chlamydia is a bacterial STI that is often asymptomatic but can cause significant reproductive health problems if untreated. Regular screening and prompt treatment are important, especially for sexually active young people.