Citronella is an essential oil obtained from the leaves and stems of different species of Cymbopogon, also known as lemongrass. The oil is used extensively as a source of perfumery chemicals such as citronellal, citronellol, and geraniol, which are used in soap, candles and incense, perfumery, cosmetic, and flavouring industries throughout the world. Citronella oil is also a plant-based insect repellent and has been registered for this use in the United States since 1948. The United States Environmental Protection Agency considers oil of citronella as a biopesticide with a non-toxic mode of action. Citronella oil has strong antifungal properties. Citronella oil is made through a process called steam distillation, where steam is passed through the grass to pull out the oil. Citronella oil is commonly consumed in small amounts in foods and is Generally Recognized as Safe (GRAS) as a food additive by the Food and Drug Administration. Citronella oil is slightly toxic to fish and other aquatic organisms. Citronella oil is possibly safe for most people when used as an insect repellent on the skin, but it might cause skin irritation in some people. While citronella oil is used as an insect repellent, scientific studies have shown that it is not as effective as DEET or oil of lemon eucalyptus sprays in reducing mosquito attraction.