Constructivism is a learning theory that emphasizes the active role of learners in building their own understanding. It posits that individuals do not acquire knowledge and understanding by passively perceiving it within a direct process of knowledge transmission, but rather actively construct or make their own knowledge). In constructivism, it is recognized that the learner has prior knowledge and experiences, which are often determined by their social and cultural environment). The theory of constructivism suggests that learners construct knowledge out of their experiences).

There are two main types of constructivism: cognitive and social. Cognitive constructivism focuses on the idea that learning should be related to the learner’s stage of cognitive development. Social constructivism, on the other hand, focuses on the collaborative nature of learning, where knowledge develops from how people interact.

Constructivism is not a particular pedagogy, but rather a theory describing how learning happens, regardless of whether learners are using their experiences to understand a lecture or following the instructions for building a model airplane). However, constructivism is often associated with pedagogic approaches that promote active learning, or learning by doing).

In summary, constructivism is a learning theory that emphasizes the active role of learners in building their own understanding. It recognizes that learners have prior knowledge and experiences, and suggests that learners construct knowledge out of their experiences. There are two main types of constructivism: cognitive and social.