Data loss prevention (DLP) is a security strategy that focuses on detecting and preventing the loss, leakage, or misuse of sensitive data through a combination of people, processes, and technology. DLP software solutions are designed to monitor, detect, and block sensitive data while in use, in motion, and at rest. The software identifies violations of organizational policies implemented to enforce compliance with regulatory guidelines such as HIPAA or GDPR. DLP software can be used to address issues such as personal information protection, intellectual property protection, and data visibility.

There are three types of DLP: network DLP, endpoint DLP, and cloud DLP. Network DLP covers a range of data security techniques, including email filtering, web filtering, and data discovery. Endpoint DLP focuses on protecting data on individual devices, such as laptops and smartphones. Cloud DLP is designed to protect data stored in cloud environments.

DLP software uses things like antivirus software, AI, and machine learning to detect suspicious activities by comparing content to an organizations DLP policy, which defines how the organization labels, shares, and protects data without exposing it to unauthorized users. DLP solutions can help organizations protect intellectual property and personally identifiable information, gain compliance with regulations, and decrease the chance of reputational harm by preventing data breaches and/or quickly identifying security incidents.