Dextrose is a type of sugar that is chemically identical to glucose, which is the sugar found in the bloodstream. It is a plant-based ingredient that is usually derived from corn or wheat. Dextrose is often used in processed and prepackaged foods as an artificial sweetener or a preservative. It is also used in baking products because it helps them brown more easily, and in wine because it improves the fermentation process. Dextrose has a high glycemic index, which means that it increases blood sugar levels quickly and is a good source of energy. Dextrose is also used by athletes for instant energy, and in healthcare settings to raise blood sugar and provide emergency hydration and energy.

Foods that commonly contain dextrose include sauces, seasoning mix, chips, cured meats, canned foods, pickles, crackers, and fruit jams. Dextrose is also added to many savoury foods to help disguise high salt content, as the sweetness of the dextrose balances out a salty flavour. Cultured dextrose is a type of preservative which inhibits the growth of mould and yeast in food products, extending their shelf life.

Dextrose is a type of sugar and should therefore be consumed in moderation, like all sugars. People with diabetes or other blood sugar disorders should be careful about eating foods containing dextrose. While dextrose is a natural substance, it is made from refined starch, which comes from plants like corn or wheat. Dextrose powder is available and sometimes used as a nutritional supplement by bodybuilders who are looking to increase weight and muscle, but it lacks other essential nutrients like protein and fat.