Corrosion is a natural occurrence caused by the reaction of metal and environmental factors. It can compromise the integrity of metals and cause safety issues. Here are some methods to prevent corrosion of metals:

1. Use corrosion-resistant metals: One simple way to prevent corrosion is to use metals that are not prone to corrosion, such as aluminum and stainless steel. If the application allows, purchasing metals that dont corrode easily can reduce the need for additional corrosion protection, especially if the applications are not close to water bodies.

2. Protective coatings: Applying a protective coating is a cost-effective way of preventing corrosion. Coatings can provide a layer of protection against corrosion by acting as a physical barrier between the metal parts and oxidizing elements in the environment. The most commonly used coatings are paint, plastic, or powder. Powders, including epoxy, nylon, and urethane, adhere to the metal surface to create a thin film. Plastic and waxes are often sprayed onto metal surfaces. Today’s paint systems are a combination of different paint layers that serve different functions.

3. Environmental control: Corrosion is caused by a chemical reaction between the metal and gases in the surrounding environment. By taking measures to control the environment, these unwanted reactions can be minimized. For example, treating the water in water boilers with softeners to adjust hardness, alkalinity, or oxygen content can decrease corrosion.

4. Sacrificial coatings: Sacrificial coating involves coating the metal with an additional metal type that is more likely to oxidize. There are two main techniques for sacrificial coating: cathodic protection and anodic protection. Cathodic protection is the most common example, which involves coating iron alloy steel with zinc, a more active metal than steel. When zinc starts to corrode, it oxides, which inhibits the corrosion of the steel.

5. Design modification: Designing with corrosion in mind can help inhibit the process and prolong the life of the metal. Simple adjustments like avoiding cracks and pits where the metal can hold water or encourage free movement of air can go a long way in preventing corrosion. It’s also vital to consider regular maintenance as an additional method.

In conclusion, there are several methods to prevent corrosion of metals, including using corrosion-resistant metals, applying protective coatings, controlling the environment, using sacrificial coatings, and designing with corrosion in mind.