Dyslexia is a specific learning disability that primarily affects reading and writing skills. It is a neurobiological disorder that results in difficulties with accurate and fluent word recognition, spelling, decoding abilities, and often affects the processing of sounds in language (phonological processing). Dyslexia is not related to intelligence, vision, or hearing problems, and individuals with dyslexia have a normal desire to learn. Key features of dyslexia include difficulties in spelling words, reading quickly, writing words, pronouncing words when reading aloud, and understanding what one reads. These difficulties can vary in severity and are usually first noticed in school. It is considered a lifelong condition, although the level of difficulty can change at different stages of life. Dyslexia is believed to be caused by a combination of genetic and environmental factors, with differences in the brain's language processing areas. It often co-occurs with other conditions such as ADHD and language disorders. While dyslexia cannot be cured, specialized teaching methods and interventions can help individuals improve their reading and writing skills and succeed academically and in daily life. In summary, dyslexia is a language-based learning disorder characterized by challenges with reading, spelling, and related language skills, due to how the brain processes written and spoken language, and it requires tailored educational support for management.