Economic globalization refers to the increasing integration and interdependence of national economies worldwide, driven primarily by the expansion of cross-border trade in goods and services, international capital flows, and the rapid spread of technology and information

. It involves the movement of goods, services, capital, technology, and labor across countries, resulting in interconnected markets and economic activities on a global scale

. Key characteristics of economic globalization include:

• Growth in international trade and investment, with countries importing and exporting goods and services that are unique to their markets

• The transfer of technology and ideas across borders, facilitating innovation and industrial restructuring

• The presence of multinational corporations operating in multiple countries, often shifting labor-intensive industries to countries with lower production costs

• Reduction of trade barriers such as tariffs, enabling freer movement of goods and capital between countries

• Increased economic interdependence, where economies rely on each other for resources, manufacturing, and markets

Economic globalization is driven by advancements in communication and transportation technologies, liberalization of trade policies, and the rise of multinational corporations

. It has led to a more connected global economy where products and services from one country are widely available in others, exemplified by global brands and integrated supply chains

. In summary, economic globalization is the process by which national economies become more interconnected and interdependent through the expansion of international trade, investment, technology transfer, and labor movement, reshaping how economies operate on a global scale