eDPI stands for "effective Dots Per Inch" and is a formula used to calculate the effective sensitivity of any given player, regardless of hardware or software settings. It is a value used to compare the sensitivity of players and is irrespective of any hardware. The formula to calculate eDPI is DPI multiplied by in-game sensitivity. The resulting value gives gamers a way of comparing the true sensitivity of different players within the same game.
eDPI is game-specific, and different games use different ways to calculate sensitivities, so eDPI is only useful for comparing actual sensitivities of different players within the same game. Using an eDPI calculator can help you convert other players sensitivity settings and try them out for yourself without changing your mouse DPI.
It is important to note that finding the right sensitivity is based more on personal preference and less on what other pro players use. The ideal eDPI varies by personal preference, but there is a general trend for every game as to which setting might be the most successful.