An esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) is a diagnostic endoscopic procedure that allows doctors to examine the lining of the esophagus, stomach, and first part of the small intestine (duodenum) . The procedure is performed by a gastroenterologist, who uses an endoscope, a flexible tube with a light and camera at the end, to visualize the upper gastrointestinal (GI) tract. During the procedure, the endoscope is passed through the mouth and guided through the esophagus, stomach, and duodenum. The test can take up to an hour to complete and is generally well-tolerated with minimal discomfort.

EGD is primarily a diagnostic procedure, but it can also be used therapeutically to treat problems that are found during the exam. For example, abnormal growths can be removed, and tissue can be taken for biopsies. An EGD may be recommended if you have symptoms that are new, cannot be explained, or are not responding to treatment, such as black or tarry stools or vomiting blood. An abnormal EGD may be the result of various conditions, including celiac disease, esophageal varices, esophagitis, gastritis, and gastroesophageal reflux disease.

To prepare for an EGD, patients may be asked to avoid eating or drinking for several hours before the procedure. Patients may also be given a sedative to help them relax during the procedure. After the procedure, patients may feel bloated from the air that was put into their body, but this...