An electric circuit is a path through which electric current flows. It consists of electric devices, a source of electricity, and wires that are connected with the help of a switch. An electric circuit can also be a closed path, thereby making it a closed circuit, or an open path, making it an open circuit. The key components of an electric circuit are:

• Power source: This is the cause for the current to flow, and it can be a voltage source or a current source. A battery is a common source of power.

• Linear lumped elements: These are resistors, capacitors, and inductors that are used to vary the current or voltage flowing in the circuit based on the requirements.

Electric current and voltage are the two basic features of an electric circuit. Electric circuit analysis is a process in which current and voltage are determined in any element of the electric circuit. There are two types of electric circuits: series circuit and parallel circuit. Generally, two types of electric circuits are used for household use: 15 A and 5 A. Appliances that have higher power ratings, such as geysers, ACs, and refrigerators, use 15 A circuits, while appliances that have lower power ratings, such as TVs, fans, and bulbs, use 5 A circuits.