Enuresis, also known as bedwetting, is the involuntary release of urine during sleep after the age at which bladder control usually begins. It is classified as an elimination disorder and can result in emotional stress, especially in children and adults. There are two types of enuresis: primary and secondary. Primary enuresis occurs when a child has not fully mastered toilet training, while secondary enuresis occurs when a child has a period of dryness but then returns to having periods of wetting. Enuresis can be caused by various factors, including a small bladder, persistent urinary tract infections, severe stress, developmental delays that interfere with toilet training, and psychological problems such as anxiety. Enuresis also appears to run in families, which suggests that a tendency for the disorder may be inherited.

Enuresis is a common childhood problem, with estimates suggesting that 7% of boys and 3% of girls age 5 have enuresis. These numbers drop to 3% of boys and 2% of girls by age 10. Most children outgrow this problem by the time they become teens, with only about 1% of males and less than 1% of females having the disorder at age 18.

Enuresis can be diagnosed based on a complete medical history and physical examination of the child. Urine tests, blood pressure measurement, and blood tests may also be performed to help rule out other causes for the wetting. Treatment may not be needed for mild cases of enuresis, as most children outgrow it. However, if treatment is needed, many methods can help, including changes in fluid intake, keeping caffeine out of the childs diet, bladder training exercises, and medication. Working with a therapist can also help the child cope with life changes or other stress.