The environment refers to everything that surrounds us, including both living and non-living things such as soil, water, animals, and plants. It is a dynamic and complex component of nature that regulates the life of organisms, including human beings. The environment is divided into two categories: biotic and abiotic components.

Biotic Environment

• It includes all living organisms such as animals, birds, forests, insects, reptiles, and microorganisms like algae, bacteria, fungus, viruses, etc. .

Abiotic Environment

• It includes all non-living components such as air, cloud, dust, land, mountains, rivers, temperature, humidity, water, water vapor, sand, etc. .

The environment plays an important role in the existence of life on Earth. It is a foundation of the biosphere, which determines the health of the entire planet. The four major components of the environment include:

• Lithosphere: rocks and soil
• Hydrosphere: water
• Atmosphere: air
• Biosphere: life

Environmental science is an interdisciplinary subject that draws from a whole gamut of subjects like geography, geology, biology, chemistry, physics, botany, zoology, genetics, sociology, rural development, urban planning, policy development, politics, cultural studies, economics, ethics, law, education, health, communication, and philosophy.