Expressive aphasia, also known as Brocas aphasia, is a type of aphasia characterized by partial loss of the ability to produce language, although comprehension generally remains intact. People with expressive aphasia can understand speech, but they have difficulty speaking fluently themselves. Speech generally includes important content words but leaves out function words that have more grammatical significance than physical meaning, such as prepositions and articles. This is known as "telegraphic speech". Individuals with expressive aphasia may only produce single words, or words in groups of two or three. Long pauses between words are common and multi-syllabic words may be produced one syllable at a time with pauses between each syllable. Expressive aphasia is classified as non-fluent aphasia, as opposed to fluent aphasia.

Expressive aphasia can be caused by damage to a specific area of the brain that controls language expression and comprehension, such as a stroke, brain trauma, tumor, cerebral hemorrhage, or extradural abscess. The extent of the disorder and prediction for successful treatment may be assessed and confirmed by a set of comprehensive language tests conducted by a speech-language pathologist. Speech therapy can help a person make the most of their remaining language abilities and develop alternative means of communication. Suggestions for communicating with someone with expressive aphasia include simplifying language by using short, simple sentences, repeating key words or writing them down to clarify meaning as needed, using a natural conversational manner at an adult level, and encouraging all types of communication, including speech, gestures, pointing, or drawing.