The finite element method (FEM) is a numerical technique used to perform finite element analysis (FEA) of any given physical phenomenon. It is a popular method for numerically solving differential equations arising in engineering and mathematical modeling. The FEM is used to understand and quantify physical phenomena such as structural or fluid behavior, thermal transport, wave propagation, and the growth of biological cells. Most of these processes are described using partial differential equations (PDEs) . The FEM is a systematic way to convert the functions in an infinite-dimensional function space to first functions in a finite-dimensional space. The method subdivides a complex problem space or domain into numerous small, simpler pieces called finite elements. The FEM is characterized by a variational formulation, a discretization strategy, one or more solution algorithms, and post-processing procedures. The FEM offers great freedom in the selection of discretization, both in the elements that may be used to discretize space and the basis functions. The theory of FEM is well developed, and it provides useful error estimates or bounds for the error when the numerical model equations are solved on a computer. Engineers use the FEM for several good reasons, including the ability to model complex geometries or deformation and the limitations of analytical models.