In knitting, gauge refers to the number of stitches per inch and is used to describe the fineness size of knitting machines). It is essential in knitting and is referenced in a number of places. The gauge of a knitted fabric depends on the pattern of stitches in the fabric, the kind of yarn, the size of knitting needles, and the tension of the individual knitter). To check ones gauge before starting a project, a sample of knitting, called a swatch, is made, ideally in the stitch pattern used in the garment). The swatch edges affect the reading of the gauge, so it is best that the swatch be at least 4" square and more). Gauge is important because it allows different knitters to follow the same pattern and achieve the desired size. If a knitter doesnt match the gauge, the finished measurements of the project may not be what they expect. Gauge is written in knitting patterns as the number of stitches and rows per inch or centimeter. It is recommended to always do a test before starting a project to ensure that the gauge matches the pattern.