Ghusl is a major ablution in Islam, which involves washing the whole body and is considered an act of worship to purify oneself from ritual impurity caused by sexual intercourse, menstruation, or other reasons. Ghusl is a ritual bath, and there are two methods of performing it: ghusl tartibi and ghusl irtimasi. Ghusl becomes obligatory for seven causes, and the ghusl for each of these different causes has different names:

• Ghusl Janabat is performed after sexual intercourse/ejaculation.
• Ghusl Hayd is performed following menstruation.
• Ghusl Nifas is performed following lochia (vaginal discharge after giving birth, which can occur for up to 6 weeks after birth).
• Ghusl Mayyit is performed on a dead Muslim.
• Ghusl Istihada is for irregular bleeding (in women).
• Ghusl Mas-hil Mayyit becomes obligatory if one directly touches a dead body.
• Ghusl also becomes obligatory following a vow or oath to perform it.

There are certain rules that a Muslim has to follow while performing Ghusl. One should perform Ghusl in a private place without facing towards the Qibla (the direction of Kaaba) and in a sitting or standing position. It is also said that one should use sufficient water and refrain from speaking whilst performing a ritual bath. He/she should wash both his/her hands and private parts thoroughly. The validity of ghusl depends on certain conditions, which are known as “the conditions for the validity of ghusl” . These conditions are ten in number: three conditions are related to the water, four are related to the person, and three to the act of ghusl itself.

The obligations of ghusl include five obligations, five sunnas, and seven meritorious parts. The obligations of ghusl are:

• Washing the entire surface of the body accompanied with rubbing.
• Intention (niyyah) to perform ghusl.
• Washing the mouth.
• Washing the nose.
• Washing the entire body in sequence.

In conclusion, Ghusl is a major ablution in Islam, which involves washing the whole body and is considered an act of worship to purify oneself from ritual impurity caused by sexual intercourse, menstruation, or other reasons. There are certain rules that a Muslim has to follow while performing Ghusl, and the validity of ghusl depends on certain conditions.