Governance in politics refers to the system and processes through which authority is exercised to manage a country's or society's affairs. It encompasses the structures, rules, laws, norms, and interactions among various actors that guide decision-making, resource allocation, and conflict resolution within a political system. Governance sets the boundaries for acceptable conduct and controls how decisions are made and enforced, ensuring the effective functioning of institutions and their acceptance by the public

. More specifically, governance involves the management of political, economic, and administrative authority at all levels to address collective needs and challenges. It includes the formulation, implementation, and evaluation of policies and programs, promoting transparency, accountability, participation, and responsiveness to citizens' needs. Good governance fosters legitimacy, trust, and stability by ensuring fair representation of stakeholders and adapting to changing circumstances

. From a normative perspective, governance is not only about who holds power but also how power is exercised. It emphasizes effective, equitable, and just leadership that leads to social and economic development. Participatory governance, for example, highlights citizen involvement in decision-making processes to enhance democratic engagement and improve public service delivery

. In summary, governance in politics is the comprehensive framework of institutions, rules, and practices through which a society or state organizes itself, exercises authority, and manages public affairs to achieve collective goals and respond to social demands effectively