Hatha yoga is a foundational branch of yoga that emphasizes the balance between the body and mind through physical postures (asanas) and breathing techniques (pranayama). The term "Hatha" combines the Sanskrit words "ha" meaning "sun" and "tha" meaning "moon," symbolizing the balance of opposites within the body. It originated in India over five thousand years ago and was formally documented in the 15th century in the text "Hatha Yoga Pradipika," which describes its purpose as preparing the body and mind for prolonged meditation. Hatha yoga practices focus on aligning the physical structure, enhancing strength and flexibility, and creating calm mental states. These practices include slow-paced, gentle postures and breathing exercises that help open the body's spine for proper energy flow. It is suitable for beginners and people of all fitness levels because it is accessible, requires minimal equipment, and promotes physical and mental well-being such as improved flexibility, strength, posture, and relaxation. More broadly, Hatha yoga is considered a preparatory process for yoga, helping the body and energy system get ready for higher spiritual experiences. Its physical techniques aim to harmonize the body and mind, cultivating a state that supports meditation and inner peace. In summary, Hatha yoga is a system of physical and breathing exercises designed to bring balance to the body and mind, prepare for meditation, and promote overall health and inner calm. It is one of the oldest and most widely practiced forms of yoga globally.