Hot spots in dogs, also known as pyotraumatic dermatitis or acute moist dermatitis, are red, inflamed skin lesions that appear quickly, ooze, and may contain pus. They are usually caused by self-trauma when a dog scratches an itch so vigorously that it creates an open wound. Many things can cause the initial itch in dogs, including allergies, insect bites, and skin infections. Hot spots can be found anywhere on a dog’s body, but the most common sites are the head, legs, and hips. These painful, itchy, smelly sores may be very obvious or may be hidden beneath matted fur.

To treat a hot spot, the goal is to stop the trauma and prevent the development of a deep skin infection. The first step in treating hot spots is to stop the self-mutilation. Some options to prevent your dog from doing this include placing an Elizabethan collar (also known as an E-collar or cone) that stops the dog from chewing at the hot spot, covering the hot spot with a sock or bandage to act as a barrier, or using a bitter-tasting spray to discourage licking. Topical antibiotics, desiccating sprays, and soothing reagents will be more effective when applied to a clipped, clean skin surface. Oral antibiotics and steroids/antihistamines may also be in order for serious hot spots.

Continued monitoring and treatment of the underlying cause should prevent future hot spots. Some dogs also benefit from seasonal grooming, as well as regular flea and tick prevention. If you suspect your dog may have a hot spot, it is important to consult your veterinarian. While some hot spots can be treated at home, the underlying cause should always be identified, if possible, to prevent future skin problems.