A hydrocele is a fluid-filled sac in the scrotum that causes swelling. It is produced by fluid in the sac that normally surrounds the testicle. Hydroceles are common in newborns and infants, and they often go away on their own within the first two years. However, hydroceles can also occur in adolescents and adults due to an injury within the scrotum or other health problems.

To diagnose a hydrocele, a healthcare provider will ask questions about symptoms and perform a physical examination. During the physical exam, the provider may apply pressure to the groin area or ask the patient to cough to see how the swelling changes. They may also shine a light through the scrotum to highlight any abdominal fluid in the area. A provider can diagnose most hydroceles from a physical exam alone. To confirm their diagnosis, the provider may order imaging tests, including an ultrasound.

In babies, a hydrocele sometimes goes away on its own. But at any age, its important for a healthcare provider to check a hydrocele because it can be linked to a problem with the testicles. A hydrocele that doesnt go away on its own might need to be removed with surgery. Some people dont have to stay at the hospital overnight after surgery. Before the operation to remove a hydrocele, the patient receives medicine that keeps them from feeling pain. To remove the hydrocele, a surgeon makes a cut in the scrotum or lower stomach area. After surgery, the patient might need a tube to drain fluid and a bulky bandage for a few days. A follow-up exam is necessary because a hydrocele might come back.