Hyperactivity is a state of being unusually or abnormally active, characterized by increased movement, impulsive actions, a shorter attention span, and being easily distracted. It is often difficult to manage for people around the person who’s hyperactive, such as teachers, employers, and parents. Hyperactivity is not easily defined and often depends on the observer. Behavior that seems excessive to one person may not seem excessive to another. However, certain children, when compared to others, are clearly far more active, and this can become a problem if it interferes with school work or making friends. Hyperactivity is often considered more of a problem for schools and parents than it is for the child, but many hyperactive children are unhappy, or even depressed. Hyperactive behavior may make a child a target for bullying or make it harder to connect with other children.

Hyperactivity can be caused by mental or physical conditions, such as ADHD, hyperthyroidism, brain disorders, nervous system disorders, and psychological disorders. ADHD is one of the most common neurodevelopmental disorders of childhood, and it is usually first diagnosed in childhood and often lasts into adulthood. ADHD is marked by an ongoing pattern of inattention and/or hyperactivity-impulsivity that interferes with daily life.

Symptoms of hyperactivity-impulsivity include fidgeting, excessive energy, not sitting still, being talkative, interrupting others, and making decisions or taking actions without thinking through the consequences. Symptoms of inattention include forgetfulness, easily distracted, and difficulty concentrating.

Hyperactivity is treatable, and for the best results, early detection and treatment are important. Treatment may include medication, behavioral therapy, or a combination of both.