Hyperlexia is a rare learning disorder characterized by a childs precocious ability to read words without prior training in reading. Hyperlexic children are characterized by word-reading ability well above what would be expected given their age. There are three types of hyperlexia:

• Hyperlexia I: This type happens when children developing without disabilities learn to read early and far above their expected level. Because other children eventually learn to read and catch up, this condition is temporary.

• Hyperlexia II: This type of hyperlexia occurs in children with autism. They are often obsessed with numbers and letters, preferring books and magnetic letters over other types of toys. They also frequently remember important numbers such as license plates and birth dates. These children usually have more typical signs of autism, such as avoiding eye contact and affection and being sensitive to sensory stimuli.

• Hyperlexia III: This type is like hyperlexia II, but the symptoms decrease over time and finally disappear. Children with hyperlexia III tend to have remarkable reading comprehension, but their verbal language development may be behind. They also have excellent memories.

Hyperlexia is often, but not always, part of the autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Despite being able to read well, hyperlexic kids will show signs of a developmental disorder, such as being unable to speak or communicate like other kids their age. They might also exhibit behavioral problems. Hyperlexic children may have difficulty learning the rules of language from examples or from trial and error, which may result in social problems. Speech and language therapy, occupational therapy, and play therapy are some of the interventions that have been reported to be especially helpful in children with hyperlexia.