Improper waste disposal refers to the disposal of waste in a way that has negative consequences for the environment and human health. It can take many forms, including littering, dumping hazardous waste into the ground, and not recycling items that should be recycled. Improper waste disposal can lead to adverse health outcomes, such as water, soil, and air contamination. Hazardous waste or unsafe waste treatment, such as open burning, can directly harm waste workers or other people involved in waste burning and neighboring communities. Vulnerable groups such as children are at increased risk of adverse health outcomes. Poor waste collection leads to environmental and marine pollution and can block water drains, resulting in flooding and other standing waters in waste items that favor cholera and vector-borne diseases such as malaria and dengue. Improper waste disposal also affects the environment by causing land pollution, air pollution, loss of habitats, and extinction of many species every day, causing permanent damage to ecosystems across the globe. Failing to adhere to proper waste disposal can result in a wide array of health and physical hazards, depending on the chemical or the type of waste involved. It is essential to follow proper waste disposal methods to protect the environment and human health.