The coefficient of inbreeding is a measure of the probability that two alleles at any locus in an individual are identical by descent from the common ancestor(s) of the two parents. It is expressed as a percentage value and is calculated by summing all the probabilities that an individual receives the same allele from its fathers side and mothers side. The formula depends on 0.5 raised to the power of however many generations separate the individual from the common ancestor of its parents, on both the fathers side and mothers side. The coefficient of inbreeding is used to measure the level of inbreeding in a population or individual.

Here are some key points about the coefficient of inbreeding:

• The coefficient of inbreeding is a measure of the probability that two alleles at any locus in an individual are identical by descent from the common ancestor(s) of the two parents.
• It is expressed as a percentage value and is calculated by summing all the probabilities that an individual receives the same allele from its fathers side and mothers side.
• The formula depends on 0.5 raised to the power of however many generations separate the individual from the common ancestor of its parents, on both the fathers side and mothers side.
• The coefficient of inbreeding is used to measure the level of inbreeding in a population or individual.
• A low inbreeding coefficient means a low level of inbreeding, while a high coefficient indicates a high level of inbreeding.
• In most beef cattle breed societies, the vast majority of animals have an inbreeding coefficient of less than 10%, while inbreeding coefficients over 30% are unusual and over 40% are rare.
• The degree of inbreeding can be measured using a calculation called the coefficient of inbreeding (CoI), or inbreeding coefficient. This calculates the probability that two copies of a gene variant have been inherited from an ancestor common to both the mother and the father.
• The lower the degree of inbreeding, the lower the inbreeding coefficient.
• Inbreeding coefficient calculators are available to help calculate the coefficient of inbreeding.