In vitro diagnostics (IVDs) are tests that can detect diseases, conditions, and infections by analyzing samples taken from the human body, such as blood or tissue. The term "in vitro" means "in glass," indicating that these tests are typically conducted in test tubes and similar equipment. IVDs can be used to diagnose conditions, guide treatment decisions, and even mitigate or prevent future disease. They are also crucial for epidemiological surveillance purposes. The World Health Organization (WHO) develops and updates the WHO Model List of Essential in vitro Diagnostics (EDL), a list of recommended IVDs for point of care in the community and for laboratory, that should be available in every country. The EDL provides guidance based on the latest evidence to countries for creating or updating their national lists of essential IVDs. IVDs are regulated by national authorities to ensure that they are effective and safe for use.