In vitro fertilization (IVF) is a procedure used to help couples who are struggling with infertility or genetic problems to conceive a child. During IVF, mature eggs are collected from the ovaries and fertilized by sperm in a lab. The fertilized eggs, called embryos, are then placed in the uterus, where they can develop into a baby. The IVF process typically involves the following steps:

• Stimulation: Fertility drugs are given to the woman to boost egg production. During this step, the woman will have regular transvaginal ultrasounds to examine the ovaries and blood tests to check hormone levels.

• Egg retrieval: The eggs are collected from the ovaries using a minor procedure performed under sedation.

• Fertilization: The collected eggs are mixed with sperm from the male partner or a donor in a laboratory dish.

• Embryo transfer: The fertilized eggs are placed in the uterus, where they can develop into a baby.

IVF is a complex process that takes several months to complete, and it may require more than one round to be successful. IVF is not the first option for treating infertility, and other treatments that involve fewer or no procedures that enter the body, such as fertility drugs or intrauterine insemination, may be tried first. IVF may also be used to preserve fertility due to cancer or other health conditions, as cancer treatments such as radiation or chemotherapy can harm fertility. IVF is costly and time-consuming, and its important to discuss the pros and cons of fertility treatment with a healthcare provider and partner before starting.