The judicial branch is the part of the government responsible for interpreting, defending, and applying the law in legal cases. It is a system of courts that resolves disputes and ensures laws are followed according to the constitution and legal principles. In the United States, the judicial branch is established under Article III of the Constitution and operates as one of the three separate branches of the federal government, alongside the legislative and executive branches. Its main tasks include deciding the meaning of laws, how to apply them to specific situations, and determining whether laws or actions violate the Constitution. The judicial branch includes a hierarchy of courts, with the U.S. Supreme Court as the highest court. There are also lower federal courts such as district courts and courts of appeals. The Supreme Court has the power to make final decisions on constitutional matters, and its rulings can only be changed by a later Supreme Court decision or by amending the Constitution. Judges in the judicial branch interpret the law, resolve legal disputes, and provide a check on the powers of the other branches of government by reviewing the constitutionality of laws and executive actions. They are generally appointed and serve terms designed to insulate them from political pressures, ensuring impartial justice. In summary, the judicial branch:
- Interprets and applies laws
- Ensures laws comply with the Constitution
- Resolves legal disputes
- Acts as a check and balance on the legislative and executive branches
- Is headed by the Supreme Court, with various lower courts beneath it
This branch plays a critical role in maintaining the rule of law and upholding constitutional governance.
