Lichen sclerosus is a chronic skin condition that causes patchy, discolored, thin skin, usually affecting the genital and anal areas. It can also affect the back, shoulders, upper arms, and breasts. The exact cause of lichen sclerosus is unknown, but it is likely a combination of factors, including an overactive immune system, genetic makeup, and previous skin damage or irritation. It is not contagious and cannot be spread through sexual contact.

Symptoms of lichen sclerosus include smooth discolored skin patches, blotchy, wrinkled skin patches, itching, soreness or a burning feeling, easy bruising, fragile skin, changes in the tube for urine flow (urethra), bleeding, blistering or open sores, and painful sex. It is possible to have mild lichen sclerosus with no symptoms.

Lichen sclerosus is a chronic disease, meaning that once it develops, it lasts for a long time, often for the rest of a patient’s life. It is more common in women over 50, but it can affect people of all ages, including children. It is relatively rare, with an estimated prevalence between 1 in 300 and 1 in 1000 individuals.

Although there is no cure for lichen sclerosus, treatments are available that can reduce symptoms and stop the progression of the disease. Treatment options include anti-itch creams, immunosuppressive drugs, phototherapy, and barrier creams or ointments. It is essential to see a healthcare provider for regular checkups if you have lichen sclerosus, as people with the condition have a higher risk of developing a type of skin cancer called squamous cell carcinoma.