what is low earth orbit

what is low earth orbit

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Low Earth orbit (LEO) is an orbit around Earth with a period of 128 minutes or less and an eccentricity less than 0.25. Satellites in LEO are between 80 and 2000 kilometers above the Earths surface. LEO is the most commonly used orbit for satellite imaging, as being near the surface allows it to take images of higher resolution. Satellites in LEO can move at various speeds, and their plane can be tilted, which means there are more available routes for satellites in LEO. LEOs close proximity to Earth makes it useful for several reasons. It provides high bandwidth and low communication latency, and satellites and space stations in LEO are more accessible for crew and servicing. Satellites in LEO travel at a speed of around 7.8 km per second, and at this speed, a satellite takes approximately 90 minutes to circle Earth. The International Space Station (ISS) is in LEO, and it is easier for astronauts to travel to and from it at a shorter distance. LEO satellites cost less to put into orbit, as less energy is needed to launch them to their ultimate orbit.

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