Metrology is the science of measurement, which is essential in achieving accuracy in various fields of science and technology. In engineering, metrology refers to quality assurance methods used to calibrate machinery used during production and to measure the resulting parts. Metrology engineers, also known as metrologists, specialize in science or engineering-related measurements, and their duties may include calibrating instruments, designing new tools or systems of measurement, interpreting data, or researching the science of measuring.

Metrology operates on the principle that every measurement contains a degree of uncertainty, and to prevent that uncertainty from compounding as operations become more complex, manufacturers must ensure that their machinery is properly calibrated to maintain optimum part accuracy and precision. Metrology is relevant to part production in two primary ways. Before manufacturing starts, metrological instruments are used to calibrate the machinery and tooling that will be used during production, which helps to ensure accurate and precise parts. Parts that have been optimized for manufacturability will also factor in specific tolerances, so that the anticipated minor variations in exact component size will not affect their final fit or function, which may help mitigate quality risks. Metrology is also used post-production to verify that the parts meet design specifications and customer expectations. If the measurements don’t match up, it might be a sign that the manufacturing equipment needs to be adjusted or realigned.

In summary, metrology is a crucial aspect of engineering that involves the science of measurement and quality assurance methods used to calibrate machinery and measure parts to ensure accuracy and precision.