Microfiber cloth is a synthetic fiber that is finer than one denier or decitex/thread, having a diameter of less than ten micrometers. The most common types of microfiber are made variously of polyesters, polyamides (e.g., nylon, Kevlar, Nomex), and combinations of polyester, polyamide, and polypropylene. Microfiber is used to make mats, knits, and weaves, for apparel, upholstery, industrial filters, and cleaning products. The shape, size, and combinations of synthetic fibers are chosen for specific characteristics, including softness, toughness, absorption, water repellence, electrostatics, and filtering ability.

Microfiber cloths are used for cleaning and can be either a woven product or a non-woven product, the latter most often used in limited use or disposable cloths. In the highest-quality fabrics for cleaning applications, the fiber is split during the manufacturing process to produce multi-stranded fibers. Due to hydrogen bonding, microfiber cloth containing polyamide absorbs and holds more water than other types of fibers. Microfiber towels are used by car detailers to handle tasks such as removing wax from paintwork, quick detailing, interior cleaning, glass cleaning, and drying. Microfiber cloths can be used wet or dry on any surface in your home and clean well with just water for a chemical-free household. They are able to pick up dirt, dust, and even bacteria.