Micropropagation, also known as tissue culture, is a method of rapidly multiplying plant stock material to produce many progeny plants using modern plant tissue culture methods. The process involves growing plants under laboratory conditions in vessels containing nutrient medium. The key stages of micropropagation include:

1. Selection of mother plant: The plant material to be propagated is chosen for culture, and the collection of explant(s) begins, which is dependent on the type of tissue to be used, including stem tips, anthers, petals, pollen, and other plant tissues.

2. Sterilization: The plant tissues are removed from an intact plant in a sterile condition. Clean stock materials that are free of viruses and fungi are important in the production of the healthiest plants.

3. Multiplication: The cultured explants are provided with suitable culture media and growth conditions for the multiplication of shoots and embryo development. This stage requires a considerable amount of time for shoot regeneration from explants. Then, the regenerated shoots are excised into multiple explants for the multiplication purpose.

4. Acclimatization: In this stage, the plantlets are established in the soil. The shoots from the laboratory are transferred to a greenhouse under controlled conditions of temperature, humidity, and light.

Micropropagation has several advantages, including producing disease-free plants, having an extraordinarily high fecundity rate, and being the only viable method of regenerating genetically modified cells or cells after protoplast fusion. It can also be used to produce plants with desirable horticultural properties, such as speed of growth or bushier habit. However, the plants produced are not autotrophic, and they find it difficult to acclimatize to the natural environment.