Migration is the movement of people from one place to another, either within a country or between countries. It can be permanent, temporary, or seasonal, and happens for a range of reasons, including economic, social, political, or environmental factors. People may migrate as individuals, in family units, or in large groups. There are two broad types of migration: international and internal migration. International migration occurs when people cross state boundaries and stay in the host state for some minimum length of time, while internal migration happens within the geographical boundaries of a country or a state.

Migration can be voluntary or involuntary. Voluntary migration happens when people choose to move to a new place, driven by factors such as the desire for a better life, personal freedom, or a certain lifestyle. Involuntary migration happens when people are forced to move against their will, such as refugees who flee their homes due to natural disasters or civil disturbances.

Migration impacts both the place left behind and the place where migrants settle, and these impacts can be both positive and negative. For example, migrants may send money back home, helping to grow the economy of the region. On the other hand, migration can also lead to social and economic challenges, such as overcrowding, unemployment, and cultural clashes.

In summary, migration is a complex phenomenon that has been a normal human activity throughout history. It can be driven by a range of factors, and its impacts can be both positive and negative.