A moderating variable is a type of variable that affects the relationship between a dependent variable and an independent variable. It is a variable that changes the strength or direction of the relationship between two other variables. Moderating variables can be qualitative or quantitative. They can affect the relationship between an independent and dependent variable in a variety of ways, such as strengthening or weakening the relationship. Moderating variables are useful because they help explain the links between the independent and dependent variables. Examples of moderating variables include mental health status, age, gender, ethnicity, and social support.