A null hypothesis is a type of statistical hypothesis that proposes that there is no statistical significance in a set of given observations. It is a claim that no relationship exists between two sets of data or variables being analyzed, and any experimentally observed difference is due to chance alone. The null hypothesis is often symbolized as H0, and it is a default hypothesis that a quantity to be measured is zero (null) . The statement being tested in a test of statistical significance is called the null hypothesis, and the test of significance is designed to assess the strength of the evidence against the null hypothesis. The null hypothesis is used in hypothesis testing, which provides a method to reject a null hypothesis within a certain confidence level. If the resulting analysis shows an effect that is statistically significantly different from the null hypothesis, the null hypothesis is rejected, and it provides support for the alternative hypothesis. The alternative hypothesis proposes that there is a difference between certain characteristics of a population or data-generating process. In research, there are two types of hypotheses: null and alternative, and they work as a complementary pair, each stating that the other is wrong.