The Occupied West Bank is a landlocked territory near the coast of the Mediterranean Sea in the Levant region of Western Asia that forms the main bulk of the Palestinian territories. It has been under Israeli military occupation since the 1967 Arab-Israeli War. The Israeli occupation of the West Bank began on 7 June 1967, when Israeli forces captured and occupied the territory, then ruled by Jordan, during the Six-Day War, and continues to the present day. The status of the West Bank as a militarily occupied territory has been affirmed by the International Court of Justice and, with the exception of East Jerusalem, by the Israeli Supreme Court. Israel has cited several reasons for retaining the West Bank within its ambit, including a claim based on the notion of historic rights to this as a homeland, security grounds, and the deep symbolic value for Jews of the area occupied.

The Israeli occupation of the West Bank has resulted in systematic human rights violations against Palestinians living there. The very existence of settlements in the Occupied Palestinian Territories violates international humanitarian law and is a war crime. Despite multiple UN resolutions, Israel has continued to appropriate Palestinian land and support at least 600,000 settlers living in the occupied West Bank, including East Jerusalem. The hundreds of Israeli military closures across the West Bank such as checkpoints, roadblocks, and settler-only roads, as well as the overall permit regime, make simple daily tasks for Palestinians who are trying to get to work, school, or hospital a constant struggle.