A panic attack is a sudden episode of intense fear that triggers severe physical reactions when there is no real danger or apparent cause. Panic attacks are a type of fear response, which is an exaggeration of the bodys normal response to danger, stress, or excitement. Symptoms of a panic attack can include palpitations, sweating, chest pain or chest discomfort, shortness of breath, trembling, dizziness, numbness, confusion, or a feeling of impending doom or of losing control. During a panic attack, physical symptoms can build up very quickly, and they can last from a few minutes to half an hour, but the duration can vary from seconds to hours. Panic attacks can be very frightening, and they can occur frequently and unexpectedly, often not related to any external threat. Panic attacks can occur as frequently as several times a day or as rarely as a few times a year.

Panic attacks may also occur due to short-term stressors, significant personal loss, including an emotional attachment to a romantic partner, life transitions, and significant life changes. A person with an anxious temperament, excessive need for reassurance, hypochondriacal fears, overcautious view of the world, and cumulative stress have been correlated with panic attacks. In adolescents, social transitions may also be a cause. Panic disorder is an anxiety disorder that involves multiple unexpected panic attacks. A main feature of panic disorder is that the attacks usually happen without warning and aren’t due to another mental health or physical condition. Panic attacks can be managed by learning relaxation techniques, such as deep breathing, progressive muscle relaxation, and visualization. If youre having lots of panic attacks at unpredictable times and there doesnt seem to be a particular trigger or cause, it is advisable to seek medical attention.