Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a hormonal condition that affects women of childbearing age. It is caused by an imbalance of reproductive hormones, which can lead to problems in the ovaries. Women with PCOS may not ovulate regularly, and their ovaries may develop many small cysts that make hormones called androgens. Some of the common symptoms of PCOS include:

• Irregular periods or no periods at all
• Difficulty getting pregnant due to irregular ovulation or no ovulation
• Excessive hair growth (hirsutism) on the face, chest, back, or buttocks
• Weight gain
• Thinning hair and hair loss from the head
• Oily skin or acne

The exact cause of PCOS is unknown, but it is believed to be related to abnormal hormone levels in the body, including high levels of insulin. PCOS is associated with an increased risk of developing health problems in later life, such as type 2 diabetes, high blood pressure, problems with the heart and blood vessels, and uterine cancer. However, lifestyle changes and medical treatments can help manage the symptoms, lower the risk of other health conditions, and improve fertility. Some of the treatments for PCOS include:

• Medications to regulate menstrual cycles, reduce insulin resistance, and manage symptoms such as excessive hair growth
• Lifestyle changes such as eating a healthy, balanced diet, doing regular physical activity, maintaining a healthy weight, and reducing or stopping smoking and excessive drinking

If you suspect you have PCOS, it is important to talk to your healthcare provider about your symptoms. They may recommend tests such as an ultrasound to look at the size of the ovaries and see if they have cysts.