Peripheral neuropathy is a condition that affects the nerves located outside of the brain and spinal cord (peripheral nerves) . It occurs when these nerves are damaged, which can cause weakness, numbness, and pain. Peripheral neuropathy can result from various causes, including traumatic injuries, infections, metabolic problems, inherited causes, exposure to toxins, autoimmune diseases, kidney, liver or thyroid disorders, repetitive motion, and family history of neuropathy. One of the most common causes of neuropathy is diabetes.

The symptoms of peripheral neuropathy depend on which nerves are affected and can include:

• Weakness
• Numbness
• Pain
• Tingling
• Burning
• Loss of coordination
• Muscle cramping
• Sensitivity to touch
• Difficulty walking
• Digestive problems
• Bladder problems
• Blood pressure changes
• Skin injuries and wounds on the feet

Peripheral neuropathy can be diagnosed by a healthcare provider who will take an extensive medical history and do a number of neurological tests to determine the location and extent of nerve damage. Blood tests, spinal fluid tests, muscle strength tests, and tests of the ability to detect vibrations may be performed.

Treatment for peripheral neuropathy depends on the underlying cause. Medications can reduce the pain of peripheral neuropathy, and healthy lifestyle steps can help reduce the pain and symptoms related to the disorder. It is recommended that people at highest risk of peripheral neuropathy, such as people with diabetes, have regular check-ups.