Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder (PMDD) is a health problem that is similar to premenstrual syndrome (PMS) but is more severe. It is sometimes referred to as severe PMS. PMDD causes physical and emotional symptoms every menstrual cycle in the week or two before your period. The exact cause of PMDD is not known, but it may be an abnormal reaction to normal hormone changes that happen with each menstrual cycle. The hormone changes can cause a serotonin deficiency, which is a substance found naturally in the brain and intestines that narrows blood vessels and can affect mood and cause physical symptoms.
Symptoms of PMDD appear during the week before menstruation and end within a few days after your period starts. These symptoms disrupt daily living tasks and are so severe that women have trouble functioning at home, at work, and in relationships during this time. The following are the most common symptoms of PMDD:
- Psychological symptoms
- Fluid retention
- Respiratory problems
- Eye complaints
- Gastrointestinal symptoms
- Skin problems
- Neurologic and vascular symptoms
- Lasting irritability or anger that may affect other people
- Feelings of sadness or despair, or even thoughts of suicide
- Feelings of tension or anxiety
- Panic attacks
- Mood swings or crying often
- Lack of interest in daily activities and relationships
- Trouble thinking or focusing
- Tiredness or low energy
- Food cravings or binge eating
- Trouble sleeping
- Feeling out of control
The symptoms of PMDD may look like other conditions or medical problems, such as a thyroid condition, depression, or an anxiety disorder. Therefore, it is important to talk with a healthcare provider for a diagnosis.
PMDD is a serious disorder that can negatively affect a womans life. It can cause severe emotional distress and negatively affect relationships and careers. If you are experiencing suicidal thoughts, you should call or text the Suicide and Crisis Lifeline at 988. This national network of local crisis centers provides 24/7 free and confidential support. You can also dial 988 if you’re worried about a loved one who may need help.
