Polyols, also known as sugar alcohols, are a type of carbohydrate that are used as sweeteners in many packaged foods. They are found naturally in certain fruits and vegetables, such as stone fruits and mushrooms, and are also added to many sugar-free chewing gums, candies, and other low-calorie or carb-free foods. Some common types of polyols include sorbitol, mannitol, xylitol, maltitol, and isomalt. Polyols are low-digestible carbohydrates that are not well absorbed in the small intestine, and instead are fermented by gut bacteria in the large intestine. This fermentation can cause gastrointestinal symptoms such as gas, bloating, and diarrhea, especially in people with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) . However, polyols have also been shown to have benefits for dental health and to help maintain a healthy acidity balance in the colon. If you have IBS, you may need to limit your intake of polyols, but it is important to work with a healthcare professional to determine your individual tolerance level.