Procedural programming is a programming model that is derived from structured programming and is based on the concept of calling procedures. Procedures, also known as routines, subroutines, or functions, consist of a series of computational steps to be carried out. During a programs execution, any given procedure might be called at any point, including by other procedures or itself. In procedural programming, the program is divided into small parts called procedures. Each step is executed in a systematic manner so that the computer can understand what to do. Examples of procedural programming languages include C, Pascal, ALGOL, COBOL, and BASIC.

Procedural programming is different from object-oriented programming (OOP) in that OOP uses classes and objects to create models based on the real-world environment. In OOP, the computer programs are designed by using the concept of objects that can interact with the real-world entities. Object-oriented programming languages are various, but the most popular ones are class-based, meaning that objects are instances of classes, which also determine their types.

The following are some of the key features of procedural programming:

• Procedures are a convenient vehicle for making pieces of code written by different people or different groups, including through programming libraries.
• Less modular procedures, often used in small or quickly written programs, tend to interact with a large number of variables in the execution environment, which other procedures might also modify.
• The programming model of procedural programming is derived from structural programming.
• The concept followed in procedural programming is called the "procedure".
• Procedural programming uses a linear top-down approach and treats data and procedures as two different entities.
• The execution order of statements is not the primary focus, and flow control is performed using function calls.

In conclusion, procedural programming is a programming model that follows a step-by-step approach to break down a task into a collection of variables and routines through a sequence of instructions[[1]](http...