Rh incompatibility is a condition that occurs when a pregnant woman has Rh-negative blood and the baby in her womb has Rh-positive blood. This can cause the mothers immune system to react to the babys Rh-positive blood and create antibodies that attack the babys red blood cells. Rh incompatibility can cause symptoms ranging from very mild to deadly, and can lead to serious health problems, even death, for a fetus or a newborn. However, Rh incompatibility can be prevented with the use of RhoGAM, which is a special immune globulin that is routinely used in places that provide good prenatal care. Therefore, prevention remains the best treatment. Treatment of an infant who is already affected depends on the severity of the condition. Infants with mild Rh incompatibility may be treated with phototherapy using bilirubin lights, while IV immune globulin may also be used. For infants severely affected, an exchange transfusion of blood may be needed to decrease the levels of bilirubin in the blood. Full recovery is expected for mild Rh incompatibility, but complications may include brain damage due to high levels of bilirubin, fluid buildup and swelling in the baby, and problems with mental function, movement, hearing, speech, and seizures.