Ritualism can have different meanings depending on the context. Here are some definitions and examples from the search results:

• Ritualism in Sociology: According to Robert K. Mertons structural strain theory, ritualism is a mode of adaptation in which individuals reject the cultural goals but continue to follow the institutionalized means. For example, a person who works hard and follows the rules of a bureaucratic organization but does not aspire to climb the corporate ladder is a ritualist.

• Ritualism in Religion: Ritualism can refer to the practice of using set actions and words, especially as part of religious ceremonies. For example, the use of vestments, incense, and liturgical actions such as genuflection and the elevation of the host for adoration in the Anglican Church was considered ritualism.

• Antiritualism: This term refers to the rejection of or excessive fondness for ritual.

In summary, ritualism can refer to a mode of adaptation in sociology, the practice of using set actions and words in religious ceremonies, or the rejection of or excessive fondness for ritual.