A System on a Chip (SoC) is an integrated circuit that combines most or all high-level functions of a computer or electronic system onto a single microchip. This includes components such as the central processing unit (CPU), memory, input/output interfaces, and more. SoCs are different from traditional PC architecture, which separates hardware components based on function and connects them through a central interfacing circuit board called the motherboard. SoCs integrate all of these components into a single integral circuit, which results in increased performance, reduced power consumption, and a smaller semiconductor die area compared to a multi-chip architecture. SoCs are being used in mainstream personal computers, laptops, tablets, smartphones, cameras, and other wireless technologies. They are also used in aircraft avionics systems, automobile communications, navigation, and entertainment panels, and automotive on-board diagnostics (OBD-II) scanners.