The Vande Bharat Express is a medium-distance train service operated by Indian Railways, similar to the Shatabdi Express, that connects Indian cities which are less than 10 hours apart. It is a semi-high speed train that can support speeds of up to 160 km/h (99 mph) on a section of the Delhi-Bhopal service and 110–130 km/h (68–81 mph) on other services. The train was designed by the Research Designs and Standards Organisation (RDSO) and manufactured by the Integral Coach Factory (ICF) . It is made of stainless steel, making it lighter and more energy-efficient than other trains. The Vande Bharat Express is the first train that was manufactured entirely in India and is powered by a self-propulsion module, which means it does not require a locomotive to pull it. The trains exterior appearance consists of an aerodynamic design, and it has advanced state-of-the-art safety features, including Kavach technology, which helps avoid train collisions. The bogies have fully suspended traction motors along with an advanced state-of-the-art suspension system, making the ride smoother and safer. The train also has bio-vacuum toilets, automatic doors, GPS-based passenger information systems, and fully air-conditioned chair cars with two seating options - Economy and Executive class. The Executive class has revolving chairs that can turn 180 degrees. The cost of a 16-coach Vande Bharat train is about ₹115 crore (US$14 million) . The train offers an enhanced, safe, and seamless travel experience because of its distinctive features.